Hypothesis: Exotics will be able to reinvade, causing increased exotic abundance and diversity with increased time since restoration.
Results: Significant increase in total exotic percent cover after year 6 – due to increase in exotics in transition and upland zones.
Hypothesis: We will see increased exotic species percent cover and diversity with increased time since restoration due to reinvasion.
## Square root transformation
## Wisconsin double standardization
## Run 0 stress 0.0001864372
## Run 1 stress 0.0001809474
## ... New best solution
## ... Procrustes: rmse 0.0001188985 max resid 0.001310716
## ... Similar to previous best
## Run 2 stress 0.000210668
## ... Procrustes: rmse 3.172115e-05 max resid 0.0004574803
## ... Similar to previous best
## Run 3 stress 0.0002447741
## ... Procrustes: rmse 0.0001588444 max resid 0.001689098
## ... Similar to previous best
## Run 4 stress 0.0002297676
## ... Procrustes: rmse 8.505514e-05 max resid 0.001299291
## ... Similar to previous best
## Run 5 stress 0.0002188816
## ... Procrustes: rmse 0.0001230631 max resid 0.002131118
## ... Similar to previous best
## Run 6 stress 0.0001753059
## ... New best solution
## ... Procrustes: rmse 4.294681e-05 max resid 0.0003950271
## ... Similar to previous best
## Run 7 stress 0.0001904192
## ... Procrustes: rmse 0.0001139952 max resid 0.00122562
## ... Similar to previous best
## Run 8 stress 0.0002215759
## ... Procrustes: rmse 0.0001575681 max resid 0.002471931
## ... Similar to previous best
## Run 9 stress 0.0001989386
## ... Procrustes: rmse 6.145863e-05 max resid 0.000598295
## ... Similar to previous best
## Run 10 stress 0.0002107228
## ... Procrustes: rmse 0.0001119861 max resid 0.001923213
## ... Similar to previous best
## Run 11 stress 0.0001978245
## ... Procrustes: rmse 0.0001131819 max resid 0.001310105
## ... Similar to previous best
## Run 12 stress 0.000189758
## ... Procrustes: rmse 0.0001218677 max resid 0.001231695
## ... Similar to previous best
## Run 13 stress 0.0002150675
## ... Procrustes: rmse 9.351704e-05 max resid 0.001226492
## ... Similar to previous best
## Run 14 stress 0.0001839079
## ... Procrustes: rmse 0.0001039464 max resid 0.001063915
## ... Similar to previous best
## Run 15 stress 0.0001643479
## ... New best solution
## ... Procrustes: rmse 9.065324e-05 max resid 0.001429616
## ... Similar to previous best
## Run 16 stress 0.000182635
## ... Procrustes: rmse 9.043275e-05 max resid 0.0008912847
## ... Similar to previous best
## Run 17 stress 0.000210343
## ... Procrustes: rmse 0.0001149761 max resid 0.001395927
## ... Similar to previous best
## Run 18 stress 0.0002309908
## ... Procrustes: rmse 9.103151e-05 max resid 0.001489878
## ... Similar to previous best
## Run 19 stress 0.0002186715
## ... Procrustes: rmse 9.219517e-05 max resid 0.001015265
## ... Similar to previous best
## Run 20 stress 0.0002070401
## ... Procrustes: rmse 9.088954e-05 max resid 0.001327744
## ... Similar to previous best
## *** Solution reached
# 2. Is the community changing?